This is the share of women aged 15 and older who are in the labour force (employed or unemployed). It is not female employment, not a gender-equality score, and not a ranking of women's rights. A high participation rate is not the best country for women. A low participation rate is not the worst country for women. Values are modelled estimates. A high rate can reflect economic necessity and informal work. A low rate can reflect unpaid care, education, retirement, labour institutions, demographics, or legal barriers.